The dire economic situation of the country, coupled with cultural pressures, mental health experts say is causing sleep deprivations to many Nigerians and have warned that not getting enough sleep can have a range of negative effects on physical and mental well-being.
Chronic sleep deprivation, they noted can lead to fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and increased stress levels.
According to the experts, lately, Nigerians have been grappling with a host of economic challenges, from rising inflation to high unemployment, adding that such challenges if allowed to take over thoughts can lead to stress and anxiety, which in turn can make it difficult to have a good night sleep.
The psychologists warned that sleep deprivation has serious health consequences that include predisposing people to diabetes, heart disease, and depression.
Speaking exclusively with PUNCH Healthwise, they noted that cultural pressure to be productive, despite being faced with economic hardship may prevent most people from getting enough rest.
Having sufficient sleep, the experts maintained is essential for productivity, as it helps to improve concentration, memory, and problem-solving skills.
A Consultant Drug Addiction Psychiatrist at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Dr Kehinde Oderinde said lack of sleep can also impair cognitive function, including memory, attention, and decision-making abilities.
The psychiatrist, who is also an Adjunct Senior Lecturer at the Department of Mental Health, University of Benin, explained that sleep deprivation can increase stress levels and make it more challenging for individuals to cope with the demands of their situation.
He further said sleep deprivation can cause emotional instability, leading to heightened irritability, mood swings, and difficulty regulating emotions.
According to him, this can strain relationships and make it harder to cope with the challenges and stress of hardship.
“People experiencing sleep deprivation may be more susceptible to turning to substances such as drugs or alcohol as a means of coping or self-medication.
This can further exacerbate mental health issues and create additional challenges. Therefore, it is very crucial to recognize the potential mental implications of sleep deprivation and prioritise strategies to improve sleep hygiene and overall well-being.
“Seeking professional help from healthcare providers or mental health professionals can provide additional support and guidance in managing these challenges.
“There is no best solution to sleep problems. The solution varies depending on the underlying causes and individual circumstances. There are general strategies that can help improve sleep.
“First, is to establish a consistent sleep schedule like trying to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends. This helps regulate your body’s internal clock and promotes better sleep.
“Create a relaxing bedtime routine. That is to develop a routine that helps signal your body that it’s time to wind down and prepare for sleep. This could include activities like reading a book, taking a warm bath, or practising relaxation techniques,” he noted.
On how to prevent hardship from impacting sleep, the mental health expert added, “Implementing policies and programmes that address poverty, unemployment, and inequality can help alleviate financial stressors that contribute to hardship.
“Building strong social support networks and community resources can provide individuals with assistance and resources during difficult times.
“Also, ensuring access to mental health services and resources will help individuals cope with the psychological impact of hardship and improve sleep quality.
“Promoting public awareness about the importance of sleep and its impact on overall well-being will also help individualsto prioritise and make informed choices about their sleep habits.
“On the whole, it’s important to address both the systemic and individual factors contributing to hardship and prioritise the mental and physical well-being of individuals.”
Speaking in the same vein, another Psychiatrist, Dr Sunday Amosu said a lack of sleep can contribute to the development or exacerbation of mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and mood disorders.
Amosu, who is the Head of Drug Addiction Treatment Education Research at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Aro, Abeokuta, Ogun State, maintained that the economic and cultural pressures facing many Nigerians are contributing to a lack of sleep, which in turn is taking a toll on their physical and mental health.
To address this problem, the psychiatrist said, “It is essential to raise awareness about the importance of sleep and to encourage people to prioritise their rest, even when they are facing difficult circumstances.
“This may require a shift in cultural attitudes and the implementation of policies that support workers’ well-being.
“It is also important to recognise that not everyone has the same access to resources that can help them get a good night’s sleep.”
A study published in the Journal of Psychological Medicine in 2019, found that economic hardship was associated with an increased risk of common mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, in low- and middle-income countries.
The study, which was conducted in 34 countries, including Nigeria, found that the association between economic hardship and mental health problems was strongest in countries with high levels of inequality.
The researchers believe that economic insecurity and financial stress may contribute to the development of mental health problems.
The study also discovered that the association between economic hardship and mental health was stronger for women than men.
Another study, published in The Lancet in 2018, looked specifically at the mental health effects of the 2008 financial crisis on young people in Europe.
The study found that the crisis led to increased levels of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts among young people.
It also found that young people who were already struggling financially before the crisis were more likely to experience mental health problems during and after the crisis.
The authors of the study believe that these findings may have implications for public health policy, and suggest that mental health services should be prepared for an increase in demand during and after periods of economic hardship.